Haplophyllum tuberculatum (Forssk.) A.Juss.

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In Southern Oman: it was formerly gathered and tied in brunches which were hung at the entrance of a dwelling place or livestock byre to deter insects and biting flies. All parts of the plant have a strong and rather unpleasant smell which is penetrating and pervasive, and this was held to have the property of holding at bay a wide variety of insects. In the north of Oman, where the plant is very common, it had many medicinal uses: a juice was expressed from the leaves and used as a remedy for headaches. The root was dug up and singed at the fire and made into a powder used on the eYes as a remedy for trachoma. Pulverised dried leaves were added to ghee and used as an embrocation to treat painful and swollen joints. The whole plant was crushed and mixed with ghee and applied over the site ... of a fracture to promote the speedy knitting of the bone. Juice expressed from the whole plant was taken to soothe colicy cramps and to treat flatulence, and was taken internally as well as being used as an embrocation externally while the patient sniffed at a sprig of the plant to treat the fits and convulsions of epilepsy, cases of hysteria, and a wide variety of other disordersof the mind. The oil in which leaves from the plant had been cooked was strainedand dripped into the ear to cure deafness or ringing in the ear, and an extraction of the plant was used as an embrocation to relieve pain in the knees and gout, a small amount of the liquid in which the plant had been cooked being drunk at the same time. (Ref. Plants of Dhofar). In Northern Oman: The plant is dried up, crushed and sieved. Than either added to milk or Ghee, and drank in the early morning. This is used for pains in the diagram and stomach that locally known as Reh & for back ache. Also used as a treatment for broken bones. (Ref. Oman Botanic Garden). The whole plant has been used in traditional medicine and as an insecticide. (Ref. Flora of Oman, vol.2).

*Ghazanfar, S. (2007). Flora of the Sultanate of Oman, vol.2: Crassulaceae – Apiaceae. Meise, National Botanic Garden of Belgium (Scripta Botanica Begica, Vol. 36). ISBN 9789072619747 ISSN 0779-2387. *https://en.wikipedia.org *http://www.efloras.org *Miller, A., Morris, M. (1988). Plants of Dhofar, the Southern Region of Oman: Traditional, Economic, and Medicinal Uses. Published by Office of the Adviser for Conservation of the Environment, Diwan of Royal Court, Sultanate of Oman; ISBN 10: 0715708082 ISSN 13: 9780715708088. *Pickering, H. Patzelt, A. (2008). Field Guide to the Wild Plants of Oman. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Garden, Kew. ISBN 9781842461778. *POWO (2023). ""Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet; http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org